SSH - the terminal that gives you the unix prompt SPC & SFTP - allow the user to copy files to and from a remote host 'S' stands for secure, which means it is Encrypted

The uptime command allows the user to see how long since the last reboot.

What is SSH?

1. It is an encrypted protocol for conducting two-way secure communication 2. This allows the user to view a text window, and type commands into a remote computer that responds with text replys.

SSH - Stands for "Secure Shell", this is opposed to "SH" which stands for "Shell"

To logout enter the exit command or press Ctrl-d

The change password command is as follows: passwd This makes the user enter the new password twice.

ls or list, lists the current directorys contents. Flags can be added to the command as well. The syntax of such can seen below. ls -l myFile > myTextFile

• -l is the flag, or option.
• myFile is the argument
• > is the redirection operator
• myTextFile is the redirection & piping

Command: The program you would like to run Option: A message to the program to activate some kind of behavior Argument: Data that's input to the program Redirection and Piping: Send the programs output to someplace other than the screen

The -l flag stands for long, this allows the user to see additional information about the files

uname -a Tells you the host version, and its operating system. cat /etc/os-release also allows the user to view the operating system that the Unix machine is running on cat /etc/system-release allows the user to see in more detail the operating system lscpu Displays the hardware in which your device is running on, the host device not local. cat /proc/meminfo Displays the ammound in killobytes of memory that is installed

GNU/Linux uses the utilities from the GNU project, and the kernel from the Linux project. The
commands you run at the command line are GNU programs.
There are two kinds of commands:

• Shell built-in commands
• Unix utilities

history displays the history of recently typed commands kill allows the user to terminate a child job of a parent process, this is only avalible in some shells such as bash. It is a unix command.

A useful tool may be the Unix manual which may be accessed through the man command. This command can be compounded to view other manuals. An example of this would be man cp, which will display a manual about the file copy command.

which cd tells the user that the cd command is built in which cat tells the user that the cat command is the executable file /bin/cat which ll This states that ll is simply an alias for ls -l

An alias is a shortcut. This maybe defined as .tcshrc or .alias in the home directory.

The touch command has two functions:

• if a file doesnt exist it creates an empty file of that name
• if a file does exist, it updates the time stamp to display the current time

rm is used to delete files. This maybe combined with other options to delete everything within a file for example, this can be done using the recursive flag -r

The echo command takes a string and prints it to the screen. This maybe combined with tags such as -i for an interactive view.

You must be careful while renaming a file because it may overwrite another file. This may also apply to the move command mv, because the new file has the capacity to replace or overwrite the old filename. This can be protected against with a confirmation flag such as -i.